How often should the gear oil of new energy vehicles be replaced?

February 05, 2024

How often should the Gear Oil of new energy vehicles be replaced?

New energy vehicles refer to the use of unconventional vehicle fuel as a power source (or the use of conventional vehicle fuel, the use of new on-board power devices), the integration of vehicle power control and drive advanced technology, the formation of advanced technical principles, with new technology, new structure of the car.

New energy vehicles include pure electric vehicles, extended-range electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, fuel cell electric vehicles, hydrogen engine vehicles, and other new energy vehicles.

New energy vehicles than fuel vehicles, less is the engine, transmission, etc., so such as oil, filter, transmission oil, etc., naturally do not need to add and replace, but electric vehicles have electric motors, need regular replacement of gear oil to lubricated, and electric vehicles for lightweight, the use of gear oil and gasoline cars will be different.

How many kilometers of electric vehicle gear oil change: how often to change?

For different brands of electric vehicles, the number of gear oil changes is not necessarily the same. The shortest is 20,000 kilometers and the longest is 40,000 kilometers. In general, it is best to change the gear oil once a year.

The transmission of traditional fuel vehicles has multiple gears to switch, and the transmission of new energy vehicles has only one gear, and the speed and torque are completely controlled by the output power of the motor. Therefore, the parts used in the transmission of new energy vehicles have higher requirements than the traditional fuel vehicles, and the corresponding maintenance is also different, mainly by replacing the gear oil to maintain the service life of the internal parts of the transmission.

The maintenance of new energy vehicles is mainly aimed at the battery pack and the motor, the "three electric system" on the car (including: motor electronic control, power battery, vehicle controller) and the charging interface check to regularly replace the gear oil and maintain the normal operation of the motor.

Knowledge elements of gear oil:

Gear oil is a basic lubricating oil, which is prepared by petroleum lubricating oil Base Oil or synthetic lubricating oil, extreme pressure anti-wear agent and oil agent. Used in various gear drives to avoid tooth surface abrasion, wear, sintering and so on. To extend its service life and improve power transmission efficiency. In order to avoid tooth surface wear and abrasion caused by oil film rupture, gear oil is often added to extreme pressure anti-wear agents, commonly used sulfur - phosphorus or sulfur - phosphorus - nitrogen additives.

Gear oil has good wear resistance, load resistance and appropriate viscosity. In addition, it also has good thermal oxidation stability, foam resistance, water separation and rust prevention. Because of its anti-wear and anti-load performance, most gear loads are above 490MPa, and the hyperbolic tooth surface loads are as high as 2942MPa, so the amount of gear oil accounts for about 6% to 8% of the total lubricating oil. Gear oil is an excellent lubricating oil.

Gear oil six basic characteristics:

1, appropriate viscosity and good viscosive-temperature performance: viscosity is the most basic performance of gear oil. The viscosity is high, the lubricating oil film formed by the development and change is thick, and the load resistance is relatively large.

2, enough extreme pressure and wear resistance: extreme pressure wear resistance is the most important performance and key characteristics of gear oil. It is the performance of avoiding tooth surface wear, abrasion and gluing during movement.

3, good anti-emulsification: gear oil in water emulsification metamorphism, will seriously affect the development of lubricating oil film changes, resulting in abrasion and wear.

4, good oxidation stability and thermal stability: good thermal oxidation stability to ensure the service life of the oil.

5, good foam resistance: the generated foam can not disappear quickly. The development and change of the oil film at the meshing position of the relevant gear, and the entrainment of foam shorten the actual working oil amount, which is related to heat dissipation.

6, good rust resistance and corrosion resistance: corrosion and corrosion not only destroy the geometric characteristics of the gear and lubrication state, but also lead to gear oil deterioration, a vicious cycle.

Gear oil should also have other characteristics, such as adhesion and shear stability. At present, most of the extreme pressure additives used in domestic medium and heavy industrial gear oil are mainly sulfur and phosphorus, which is equivalent to the quality level of similar products abroad.

Usually, the transmission of the new energy car uses a medium load extreme pressure anti-wear gear oil, the recommended grade is 75W-90 GL-4. Some car manufacturers recommend the use of lifetime maintenance free oil, not recommended here. Under general conditions of use, the first replacement gear oil cycle is 3 months /5000Km, and the subsequent maintenance is replaced every two years /20000Km; For harsh use conditions, the first replacement of gear oil cycle is also 3 months /5000Km, and subsequent maintenance needs to be adjusted to replace once a year /10000Km.

When replacing the gear oil, it is also necessary to clean up the dust, impurities and mud near the air valve and oil seal, and check whether the related plug is loose, which is conducive to extending the service life of the transmission.

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