Cutting fluid plays an important role in the field of machining and is widely used. Due to the increasingly complex machining conditions and the continuous improvement of environmental protection standards by environmental protection organizations, many new topics have been raised for machining enterprises. Additives are often added to improve various properties of cutting fluids. Commonly used additives are as follows.
1. Oily and extreme pressure additives Oil-based additives are mainly used in low-pressure and low-temperature boundary lubrication conditions, and they mainly play the role of penetration and lubrication in the metal cutting process; while extreme pressure additives are organic compounds containing sulfur, phosphorus, chlorine, iodine, etc., which interact with metal surfaces at high temperatures. It acts as a chemical reaction to generate a chemical adsorption film, which can prevent the direct contact of the metal friction interface in the state of extreme pressure lubrication, reduce friction and maintain lubrication.
2. Anti-rust additives Commonly used anti-rust additives can be divided into two categories: water-soluble and oil-soluble. In order to prevent machine tools, tools and workpieces from being corroded during use, anti-rust additives should be added to the cutting fluid. It is a very polar compound and has strong adhesion to the metal surface. It preferentially adsorbs on the metal surface to form a protective film, or combines with the metal surface to form a passivation film to protect the metal surface from contact with corrosive media. Thus play a role in rust prevention. 3. Anti-mold additives Because the emulsion is easy to deteriorate and stink after long-term use, which is the result of bacterial reproduction. As long as a few ten thousandths of anti-mildew additives are added, the effect of sterilization and inhibition of bacterial reproduction can be achieved. (But the anti-mildew additive will cause erythema and itching of the operator's skin, so it is generally not used.)
4. Anti-foaming additives Anti-rust additives, emulsifiers and other surfactants will be added to the cutting fluid during use, which increases the possibility that these substan)ces will be mixed with air and form foam. If there is too much foam, the effect of the cutting fluid will be reduced; anti-foaming Additives (such as dimethicone) can effectively prevent the formation of foam, so an appropriate amount of Anti-foaming Agent must be added to the grinding fluid, and a defoaming test must be performed. 5. Emulsifier additives Emulsion is the key material for emulsification of mineral oil and water to form a stable emulsion. It can be adsorbed on the oil-water interface to form a firm adsorption film, so that the oil is evenly dispersed in the water to form a stable emulsion. In addition to the above additives, extreme pressure agents, alkali retention agents, bactericides, defoaming agents, complexing agents and the like are also included. The cutting fluid is composed of the above various additives and base oils. Only when their proportions are properly matched, the cutting fluid can perform more stably!
