1. Internal combustion engine oil: Mainly diester and polyol ester, others include dimer ester, polyester, monoester, phthalate. The market drivers are extending oil drain intervals, saving fuel consumption and reducing emissions. Low-viscosity synthetic oils are much less volatile than mineral oils of the same grade, and their excellent thermal stability results in less deposits and better low-temperature fluidity when low-viscosity esters are used. ①The unique molecular polarity of synthetic ester makes the oil film firmly adsorb on the surface of the engine parts and solves the dry friction at cold start. ②The lubricity of synthetic ester oil is extremely excellent, and the volatility is much lower than that of mineral oil and PAO of the same viscosity. At the same time, the excellent thermal stability makes the use of low-viscosity ester less sediment and good low-temperature fluidity. Save fuel, increase oil pressure, improve power performance; reduce exhaust emissions and reduce engine noise.
③Natural dissolving ability, give full play to the function of additives, prevent the formation of sludge and deposits, excellent dispersing and cleaning ability, and keep the surface of engine parts clean.
2. Two-stroke oil: Esters for two-stroke oils are dimer and polyol esters, along with trimellitates and complexes, and the market is driven by low emission engine cleanliness and biodegradability. The advantages of ester for two-stroke oil over mineral oil are that it cleans the engine, reduces sticky rings, and deposits build up in ring grooves, skirts, and inner cavities, and improves ignition performance and spark plug life. Esters have better lubricity than hydrocarbons due to the presence of polar esters that increase adhesion to metal surfaces. 3. Compressor oil: Esters used in compressor oils are typically diesters, polyol esters, phthalates, and trimellitates, others include complex esters, with market drivers for energy savings, biodegradation, and flame resistance. Advantages of esters in the use of compressors; the compressor is less expensive to operate, safe and ecologically sound. Extend the oil change period, produce less sludge and paint film, low volatility, reduce carryover, high flash point and autoignition point, low toxicity and better safety than mineral oil. Excellent lubricity, thermal stability and conductivity. Another main feature of synthetic ester oil is low carbon residue, which can inhibit the production of sludge, sediment and carbon deposits during use, improve the cleanliness of crankcase and oil products, make heat transfer good, reduce friction and resistance of moving parts, thereby reducing Maintenance and downtime, can reduce power consumption by 7.2% and save power by 3%. Synthetic esters are used in reciprocating air compressors because of their high flash point and good oxidation stability. 4. Aviation lubricants: Generally with polyol esters, the market drivers are improved thermal stability and reduced volatilization. The viscosity of the second generation aviation gas turbine lubricant at 100°C is 1nm2/s, and the viscosity of the third generation at 100°C is 4~5nm2/s. With the increase of jet engine power, the requirements for some thermal stability also increase, and the operating temperature has reached 175~ 200℃.
5. Hydraulic fluid: Diesters, polyol esters, PAG esters and complex esters are used in hydraulic fluids. The market drivers are biodegradability, recyclability, and high and low temperature performance. The advantages of esters; environmental protection considerations, reasonable flame resistance, good high and low temperature fluidity, good thermal stability, and good wear resistance. 6. High temperature chain oil: Esters for high temperature chain oils are diesters and polyol esters, also trimellitates, market drivers are higher thermal stability and lower deposits. The manufacture of many products is carried out at high temperature, the lubricating temperature of these chains is above 150 °C, and can reach 1000 °C in the short term, diesters can be used below 200 °C, and 200~300 use polyol esters and trimellitates. 7. Automotive Gear Oil: Most of them are diesters and polyol esters, and the market drivers are extended oil drain intervals and energy saving. 8. Oil drilling lubricant: Monoesters are commonly used in drilling lubricants, and diesters are also used in a certain amount. The market drivers are biodegradability, low toxicity, good low temperature performance and drilling speed. 9. Additive carrier: Diesters, phthalates and polyol esters are commonly used, and the market driving force is environmental protection. Esters have good solubility, coupled with clean burning, biodegradability and low toxicity, and have obvious advantages as carrier agents compared to other compounds. 10. Metal working oil: Monoesters, diesters, polyether PAG esters are used in metalworking oils, and sometimes polyol esters, polymer esters and phthalates are used. The market drivers are performance and waste treatment costs. Advantages of esters in this application: environmental friendliness, good extreme pressure properties, can be used as friction modifiers, biodegradable and low toxicity, good wettability to machine tools and workpieces. 11. Grease: Esters used in greases are diesters and polyol esters, and sometimes phthalates and trimellitates. The market driver is biodegradability to replace white oils when the grease is required to have one of the following properties Ester can be used as Base Oil: low temperature fluidity, high temperature use, biodegradability, low toxicity.
12. Textile machine oil: Esters for this use are monoesters, diesters and polyol esters, but also PAG esters and trimellitates. The market drivers are high thermal stability, biodegradability and low humectant toxicity. 13. Mold release oil: Generally, TMP and PE oleates are used, and phthalates are also used. 14. Turbine oil: Synthetic gas turbine oil is mainly used in aviation gas turbines, and can also be used in civil gas turbines and steam turbines. The characteristics of synthetic gas turbine oil are excellent rust resistance, excellent low temperature fluidity and high temperature oxidation resistance. The characteristics of synthetic steam turbine oil are excellent anti-oxidative stability and chemical stability, demulsification and good rust resistance.
