Chain drive is not only suitable for use in high torque and low speed environments, but also exhibits advantages in corrosive and humid environments, as well as in high-speed transmission. The smooth operation of the chain and the flexibility and freedom of the chain links, as well as the reduction of wear, depend on the good lubrication effect of the chain lubrication system. The chain lubrication system needs to inject high-temperature resistant lubricating oil into the gap between the pin shaft and sleeve of the chain at a fixed time and in a quantitative manner to ensure good lubrication effect and reduce the consumption of lubricating oil. High temperature chain oil commonly used in polyether and polyethylene α It is made from synthetic oils such as olefins (PAO) and ester oils as base oils, combined with high-temperature, oxygen resistant, corrosion resistant, extreme pressure, and wear resistant additives. With the rapid development of industries such as textile, printing and dyeing, petrochemical, building materials, and transportation in China, the operating temperature of these equipment transmission systems is becoming increasingly high, and the requirements for chain oil are becoming increasingly stringent. Different chain lubricants can be selected for different usage environments.
Chain lubrication knowledge is one of the mechanical transmission components in various industries. Chain is widely used in various industries due to its excellent characteristics such as precise transmission of power, stable transmission, constant speed ratio, strong adaptability, being not affected by size, and convenient maintenance. Especially in today's highly automated production equipment, chains have become one of the main transmission components of mechanical transmission.
1: Types of chains
There are many classifications of chains, which can be divided into: transmission chains, conveyor chains, decorative chains, tension chains, and special chains according to their purposes. According to the structure of the chain, it can be divided into roller chain, sleeve chain, plate chain, nylon roller chain, scraper chain, lantern chain, etc.
2: The structure of the chain
We can see from the above several chain structures that most chains are composed of components such as chain plates, chain pins, and shaft sleeves. Other types of chains only make different modifications to the chain plates according to different needs. Some have scraper plates installed on the chain plates, some have guide bearings installed on the chain plates, and some have rollers installed on the chain plates. These are all modifications made for different application scenarios.
3: The main lubrication parts of the chain
For general chains, the lubrication parts mainly include the sprocket and the roller of the chain, the chain shaft and the shaft sleeve. Due to the different structures of the chains, the lubrication parts of the chains may also change. But in most chains, the lubrication parts are mainly sprockets and chain rollers, chain shafts and shaft sleeves.
4: The main failure forms of chains
A: Pin shaft fracture
B: Pitch growth
C: Sprocket teeth broken
D: Chain jamming
5: Lubricant requirements for chain transmission A: Has excellent permeability For chains, lubricating rollers and sprockets is relatively easy, but lubricating chain shafts and bushings is relatively difficult. Because the gap between the shaft and shaft sleeve is very small and completely under open environmental conditions. If lubricating oil does not have good permeability, it cannot penetrate into the interior of the shaft and sleeve, and cannot lubricate the shaft and sleeve. B: Must have excellent adhesion When the chain is running, the lubricating oil will be thrown off due to the high-speed effect. At low speeds, lubricating oil will drip due to the action of gravity. All of these not only pollute the environment and products, but also cause a lot of waste. Therefore, it is required that lubricating oil have good adhesion and can firmly adhere to the friction surface without falling off due to various effects. C: Excellent lubrication performance One of the functions of lubricating oil is lubrication, but when chains are subjected to different effects during operation, the lubrication performance of the lubricating oil is required to be higher, especially for chains under heavy load and impact conditions, which have higher requirements for extreme pressure and wear resistance. Therefore, general chain lubricants pay great attention to this requirement. D: Excellent oxidation stability Usually, chain drives operate in exposed environments, so chain lubricants E: With minimal evaporation loss rate F: Has good resistance to external influences G: Having varying characteristics of contamination H: Has minimal tendency to accumulate carbon
The above are the basic requirements for lubricants in chain transmission, and of course, there are many other requirements. These requirements will vary depending on the scope of use, environment, equipment requirements, and other factors of the transmission chain.
6: Selection of Chain Lubricants
The selection principle of chain lubricant: lubricating oil should be chosen as much as possible for lubrication, and for special chains and special situations, lubricating grease and dry film lubricant can be selected for lubrication. The lubricant requirements for chain operation should be maximized, and the most suitable and economical lubricant should be selected based on equipment and production requirements.
The main factors to consider when selecting chain lubricants are:
A: Type of chain
B: The Application Environment of Chain
C: The working environment of the chain
D: The working condition of the chain
E: Lubrication method of chain
F: Other requirements
7: Lubrication form of chain
The lubrication form of chains varies depending on the way they are used. Most chain transmissions use drip lubrication and oil bath lubrication, as well as oil spray lubrication and oil rope lubrication.
Drip lubrication is generally used on fast and long-distance conveyor chains. For example, chains for baking equipment, chains for textile equipment, etc. The characteristics of this lubrication method are: good lubrication effect, less waste, no restrictions, but poor lubrication uniformity.
Most high-speed transmission chains are lubricated by oil spray, which has the characteristics of good lubrication effect, good uniformity, certain limitations, but significant waste.
The oil bath lubrication method is generally used for closed chain transmission. For example, drilling equipment in oil fields. The characteristic of this lubrication method is that it should be said to be the most ideal lubrication method, but it is subject to many limitations.
There are other lubrication methods, especially those for short chains, which almost all use manual lubrication: it should be said to be one of the least ideal lubrication methods.
8: Types and characteristics of common chain lubricants in the market
At present, there are various types of chain lubricants in the market, but based on their composition, there are only the following:
A: Mineral oil based chain lubricants without solid lubricants
B: Mineral oil based chain lubricants containing solid lubricants
C: Synthetic base chain lubricants without solid lubricants
D: Synthetic base chain lubricants containing solid lubricants
E: Aerosol type chain lubricant
F: Chain grease
